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The Moon is a natural satellite in the Sonic the Hedgehog series and the only satellite of the earth, the main setting of the games. It rotates around the earth along with the sun, making it the only glowing celestial body in the sky during the night time on earth along with the stars. It did not have much of a role in Sonic games at first, only appearing in the background of several zones until it became a notorious, minor plot element in Sonic Adventure 2 and even becoming a setting of the titular extra zone in Sonic Advance.
The moon is first time seen in the night background of the Special Stage in the 8-bit version of Sonic the Hedgehog, where it is displayed as a yellow crescent.
The moon is also seen at the night background of all race tracks in Sonic R.
Sonic Adventure 2
The moon appeared once again in Sonic Adventure 2, where Dr. Eggman has gotten six of the seven Chaos Emeralds and set them on to the super weapon of Space Colony ARK called the Eclipse Cannon at the mid-point of the game. Eggman then manages to get a signal to all networks all around the world, giving threat declare and showing the power of Space Colony. He then activates the not yet fully loaded Eclipse Cannon, firing its large, energy wave to the moon, which shatters the moon half. This leads all of mankind witnessing the cannon's power. Eggman has given less than one day's time before the next strike, this time with earth as his target. Along with all humans, Sonic, Tails and Amy notice this event as well, making them wonder where Eggman acquired the power to operate the cannon.
The moon is next seen full again (see the next section) in
Sonic Advance, where it can be seen right corner at the background of X-Zone after destroying Eggman's last vehicle. Eventually it is shown after the battle, that Eggman is escaping to the moon. Sonic then transforms to Super Sonic and pursues the doctor, who has yet got one card on his sleeve. The moon becomes the setting to the titular extra zone in the game, where only Sonic can enter after gaining all seven Chaos Emeralds from Special Stages. After defeating Eggman once again, Super Sonic travels back to the earth a few days later, while Tails notices him during his flight in the Tornado.
Sonic Heroes
The moon is then seen once again at the background of Hang Castle in Sonic Heroes where it is depicted with a sinister face.
The moon is seen again at the ending of Sonic the Hedgehog (2006) during the festival of Soleanna. and in the section two of White Acropolis.
Sonic Unleashed
In Sonic Unleashed, the moon is seen in the background of many nighttime Acts in each Stage and Town Stages. It is implied that, when the sun goes down and the moon rises up, Sonic transforms into the Werehog. Similarly the moon is shown prior to Sonic's transformation in Sonic: Night of the Werehog.
Sonic Colors
InSonic Colors, when Eggman starts firing his giant Mind Control Ray to the earth, the cannon manages to get destroyed due the energy leakage, which begins from the beginning of the game. As many mind control rays starts flying headlong around the space as one of the rays makes the impact to the moon.
Sonic Generations
The moon is then shown again fully at the background during the rematch on Space Colony ARK in console/PC versions of Sonic Generations.
The moon is clearly visible in the sky in all the Mystic Jungle levels, as the levels take place at night in Sonic Forces.
Inconsistency
During Sonic Adventure 2, Dr. Eggman is seen blowing the moon half by using the Eclipse Cannon, but it is shown to be full again in later games. It has led to common confusion in community, leaving questions and theories about whatever happened to the moon in between two games. One popular theory was that the half-blown up part of the moon was kept hidden while remainder faces the planet's rotation, thus being the visible half. At Sonic Boom 2013, the producer Takashi Iizuka confirmed this explanation.[1] Despite the Moon's loss of mass though, it has not affected the tides on earth.[2]